arXiv:2610.26539v1
Abstract
Let . We prove that, for every real , there is such that for every integer and every integer . Consequently is irrational and its irrationality exponent is two. The proof combines elliptic separated-weight interpolation, arithmetic denominator estimates, and an analytic determinant bound on a square complex-multiplication grid. The determinant comparison uses the same selected source columns on both sides. We give the integral-to-lattice normalization, the exact local-coordinate and common-multiplier transport, and the parameter order that makes the two bounds incompatible. The accompanying Lean 4 development proves the endpoint without additional hypotheses. Numbered formal references link the mathematical argument to exact declarations in the complete source distribution; an appendix gives the pinned build environment and the dependency audit.
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Detailed mathematical audit
01Statements4 reported findingsNo statement issues found
The eventual rational-approximation lower bound, irrationality of the integral-defined lemniscate period, and irrationality exponent two are supported. The elliptic interpolation, arithmetic-minor, and same-minor analytic estimates used to obtain the endpoint are stated with compatible hypotheses and quantifier order.
The all-denominator approximation bound is supported
PDF pp. 3 and 22–24 · Theorem 1.1, Theorem 6.2, and Corollary 6.3 · arXiv:2610.26539v1
For each real exponent greater than two, the parameter construction first fixes a square-grid dimension with strict arithmetic and collision margins, then selects the rational approximations in the order required by the successive interpolation thresholds. Cofinal nonzero minors satisfy the arithmetic lower bound and the analytic upper bound for the same selected columns. Both possible branches of the analytic maximum are then strictly below the lower bound, excluding unbounded denominators and giving the claimed eventual strict inequality.
Separated-weight interpolation is available in the required uniform form
PDF pp. 8–13 · Section 3 · arXiv:2610.26539v1
The successive weight separation is chosen before the centers, while only the final size threshold depends on them. Excess curve contact produces one nonzero auxiliary polynomial with persistent derivative vanishing. The upper and rectangular lower multiplicity estimates apply to the same localized prime and the same local length; the resulting normal-product comparison rules out every forbidden normal-basis change. Differential rigidity forces the elliptic projection to be constant, and the remaining additive fiber satisfies the already established ordinary curve inequality. The curve-degree identities and uniform positive margin then prove ampleness and eventual packet surjectivity on the stated divisibility progression.
The lower and upper estimates concern the identical arithmetic determinant
PDF pp. 13–21 · Sections 4–5 · arXiv:2610.26539v1
Denominator clearing uses only the additive logarithm coefficients and the selected source degrees, yielding a nonzero Gaussian-integer lower bound without an extra elliptic denominator. The analytic side first applies an exact determinant-one jet-coordinate change and then multiplies every selected column by the same explicit entire theta factor. Its nonzero constant coefficient gives the displayed determinant product, so the selected columns are unchanged. The finite displacement expansion and collision estimate then supply the claimed normalized upper bound with a remainder tending to zero.
The conventional irrationality exponent conclusion follows
PDF p. 24 · Theorem 6.4 · arXiv:2610.26539v1
The eventual lower bound first excludes rationality by applying it to arbitrarily large exact representations of a hypothetical rational value. Dirichlet approximation then places exponent two in the reduced-rational approximation set, while the all-denominator bound makes every larger exponent admit only finitely many reduced rationals. These two facts determine the supremum to be exactly two.
02Proofs4 reported findingsNo proof issues found
The manuscript's central determinant argument is complete when read together with its supplied formal source. The deepest geometric steps are implemented as concrete theorem chains rather than retained assumptions, and the final endpoint has no mathematical hypotheses or project-specific axioms.
The integral, lattice, and local-germ normalizations agree
PDF pp. 4–8 · Section 2 · arXiv:2610.26539v1
The square lattice is first rescaled to invariants and without using the target integral. The real branch, its half-period integral, and the positivity argument identify that scale with the period defined in the paper. Evaluation at the diagonal half-period gives the cubic point used by the determinant, and the logarithmic reparameterization has the required nonzero linear coefficient and exact formal substitutions.
The normal-basis rigidity and persistence obligations are discharged
PDF pp. 10–12 and ancillary Lean modules LemniscatePrimeUpper, LemniscatePrimeLower, LemniscateNormalComparison, LemniscatePersistentProjection, LemniscateDifferentialRigidity, LemniscateCurveRigidity, and LemniscateCurveInequality · arXiv:2610.26539v1
The source constructs persistent prime components from the actual derivative ideals retaining the cubic equation. The upper estimate charges the cubic source degree once, while the lower estimate is derived from the concrete local Taylor map in independent frame-normal directions. Their product comparison feeds a proved normal-basis exclusion theorem. The remaining rigidity step is reduced to non-exactness of the elliptic invariant differential on finite function-field extensions and is proved by the twisted-trace rational differential equation described in the manuscript. No interpolation or rigidity assertion is reintroduced as a premise of the final curve inequality.
Curve inequalities pass to ampleness and jet surjectivity without a missing geometric hypothesis
PDF pp. 12–13 and ancillary Lean modules LemniscateCurveModel, LemniscateCurveHyperplaneDegree, LemniscateCurveExceptionalDegree, LemniscateBlowupAmple, and LemniscateGlobalInterpolationTheorem · arXiv:2610.26539v1
For each noncontracted curve meeting the affine chart, the construction uses that curve's own normalized function field and proves the hyperplane and exceptional degree formulas. Contracted curves and curves outside the chart are treated separately. A single positive numerical margin therefore holds for every integral curve; the numerical ampleness theorem makes the fixed interpolation bundle ample, and the Rees/cohomology restriction theorem yields eventual surjectivity of the literal packet map. The auxiliary ample exponent does not enter the target bundle or change the center-independent divisibility radius.
The supplied source evidence is internally consistent
PDF pp. 25–26 · Appendix A and ancillary source snapshot · arXiv:2610.26539v1
The final declaration states the irrationality exponent of the paper's interval-integral definition with no hypotheses. The archived source contains the full local import closure: all 989 manifest entries match their declared SHA-256 hashes, including 975 mathematical modules. The recorded verification covers 316 declarations; every reported dependency is one of propositional extensionality, classical choice, or quotient soundness, and the build logs end with successful endpoint and completion targets. The theorem types inspected along the critical chain agree with the manuscript's period, curve, determinant, and approximation claims.
03Novelty0 reported findingsNo novelty concerns found
No non-novelty findings.